{"id":11367,"date":"2016-09-06T07:52:17","date_gmt":"2016-09-06T05:52:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=11367"},"modified":"2016-09-03T19:55:06","modified_gmt":"2016-09-03T17:55:06","slug":"calatorie-in-fantastic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=11367","title":{"rendered":"C\u0103l\u0103torie \u00een fantastic"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\">de Rodica\u00a0 Bretin<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u201eFantasticul este\u00a0 forma suprem\u0103 a literaturii\u201c spunea scriitorul peruan Mario Vargas Llosa, laureat al Premiului Nobel pentru Literatur\u0103, referindu-se la realismul-fantastic, \u00een care exceleaz\u0103 \u015fcoala latino-american\u0103. Genul propune o construc\u0163ie perfect logic\u0103 \u015fi coerent\u0103 care, \u00een mod subtil dar inevitabil, duce c\u0103tre o rezolvare ce nu \u0163ine de realitatea imediat \u00eenconjur\u0103toare, pe care o numim \u2013 adesea impropriu \u2013\u00a0 \u201enormalitate\u201c.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Realist-fantastice sunt opere memorabile ale unor creatori ca Victor Hugo, Prosper M\u00e9rim\u00e9e, Emile Zola, Charles Dickens, Rudyard Kipling, G. K. Chesterton, Edgar Allan Poe, Howard Phillip Lovecraft, Anton Cehov, Lev Tolstoi, Mihail Bulgakov, Garcia Marques, Vargas Llosa, Mujica Lainez, Pierre Benoit, Stephen King&#8230; Iar \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte autorii rom\u00e2ni, de la Ion Luca Caragiale, Mihai Eminescu, Barbu Delavrancea, Ionel Teodoreanu, Cezar Petrescu, Gib Mih\u0103escu, Mircea Eliade, Tudor Arghezi \u015fi Vasile Voiculescu, la Vladimir Colin, Horia Aram\u0103, Olga Caba \u015fi Ioan Dan Nicolescu, mul\u0163i au explorat lumi fascinante \u015fi, adesea, interzise pentru capacitatea de \u00een\u0163elegere a contemporanilor lor.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/47\/rodica-bretin-lumea-lui-hind-coresi-0-l-231632-510x510_zps9vv8nhrq.jpg?resize=329%2C510\" alt=\"\" width=\"329\" height=\"510\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">To\u0163i au fost nu doar scriitori de mare talent, ci \u015fi personalit\u0103\u0163i multilaterale, cu o vast\u0103 cultur\u0103, ce aveau \u00een comun pasiunea pentru istorie, art\u0103, geografie, astronomie, \u015ftiin\u0163e ale naturii, disponibilitatea \u015fi dorin\u0163a de a descifra tainele universului \u015fi ale vie\u0163ii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Realismul-fantastic este mai actual ast\u0103zi ca niciodat\u0103. Contrar unor p\u0103reri preconcepute, el nu reprezint\u0103 o \u00eencercare patetic\u0103 de evadare din realitate, o ie\u015fire de serviciu aleas\u0103 de neadapta\u0163i, de cei care nu fac fa\u0163\u0103 luptei pentru existen\u0163\u0103 \u00een jungla \u201esociet\u0103\u0163ii de consum\u201c. Departe de a fi o eludare a problemelor stringente, alunecarea spre fantastic r\u0103m\u00e2ne un exerci\u0163iu ofensiv, o demonstra\u0163ie practic\u0103 a dictonului lui Friedrich Nietzche: \u201eCeea ce nu ne ucide, ne face mai puternici\u201c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">De ce aleg unii creatori ca personajele lor s\u0103 treac\u0103 \u00eentr-o lume imaginar\u0103? Pentru c\u0103 acolo apar situa\u0163ii conflictuale care le dep\u0103\u015fesc \u00een dificultate pe cele posibile, probabile sau previzibile din lumea real\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un supravie\u0163uitor dintr-un univers fantastic are toate \u015fansele de a \u00eenvinge \u00een via\u0163a cotidian\u0103, descurc\u00e2ndu-se mai bine dec\u00e2t a\u015fa-numitul \u201eom de pe strad\u0103\u201c, superficial, f\u0103r\u0103 p\u0103reri \u015fi valori personale, ce s-ar pr\u0103bu\u015fi odat\u0103 cu dispari\u0163ia reperelor sale familiare.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Este unul dintre motivele pentru care am plasat ac\u0163iunea romanului meu <strong>\u201eFecioara de Fier\u201c<\/strong> \u00een Evul Mediu Mijlociu, una dintre perioadele cele mai \u00eentunecate din istorie, c\u00e2nd reprezentan\u0163ii religiilor monoteiste aveau un control total asupra destinelor fiec\u0103rui om din Lumea Veche, performan\u0163\u0103 pe care Gestapo, KGB sau NSA n-au putut \u2013 \u00eenc\u0103 \u2013 s\u0103 o egaleze. Iar personajele mele fantastice \u00ee\u015fi \u00eempletesc via\u0163a cu cele reale nu numai pentru a le sublinia umanitatea, dar \u015fi pentru a oferi o ipotez\u0103 asupra unor evenimente istorice care nu pot fi \u00een\u0163elese prin invocarea, at\u00e2t de facil\u0103, a raportului cauz\u0103-efect.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Am ales realismul-fantastic \u015fi pentru universalitatea mesajelor \u015fi valorilor pe care le promoveaz\u0103, imuabile \u015fi atemporale. De\u015fi proze din volumele mele <strong>\u201eLumea lui Hind\u201c <\/strong>\u015fi<strong> \u201eOmul de Nisip\u201c<\/strong> propun teme \u00eent\u00e2lnite \u015fi \u00een literatura science-fiction (c\u0103l\u0103toria \u00een timp, contactele omenirii cu alte specii, str\u0103ine sau nu de Terra), am preferat abord\u0103rii SF pe cea general-uman\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Science-fictionul a avut dintotdeauna, are \u015fi va avea limit\u0103ri, declarate chiar din titulatur\u0103. Se dore\u015fte a fi o fic\u0163iune bazat\u0103 pe \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103, autoasum\u00e2ndu-\u015fi obliga\u0163ia de a explica, de a ordona totul \u2013 o dovad\u0103 de suficien\u0163\u0103 \u00eentr-o lume unde mereu descoperim noi elemente ale vie\u0163ii \u015fi noi legi ale Universului.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fantasticul nu explic\u0103, nu justific\u0103 nimic. El constat\u0103 \u015fi contest\u0103 realitatea \u00eenconjur\u0103toare. \u015ei o face respect\u00e2nd regulile marii literaturi: cu personaje clar conturate, credibile, umane tocmai prin calit\u0103\u0163ile \u015fi defectele lor, cu mesaje intrinseci, nu clamate pedagogic, cu ap\u0103rarea unor valori perene, nesupuse tradi\u0163iilor, modei sau p\u0103rerilor \u201eopiniei publice\u201c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nu \u00een ultimul r\u00e2nd, fantasticul avertizeaz\u0103, prezint\u0103 dileme care au fost \u015fi vor r\u0103m\u00e2ne mereu actuale. Personajele sale lupt\u0103 cu for\u0163e at\u00e2t de primejdioase pentru civiliza\u0163ia terestr\u0103, \u00eenc\u00e2t co\u015fmarele lumii de ast\u0103zi \u2013 globalizare, poluare, incultur\u0103, tendin\u0163e dictatoriale, fanatism religios, terorism \u2013 p\u0103lesc prin compara\u0163ie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fie c\u0103 alege s\u0103 dema\u015fte o impersonare a R\u0103ului ce posed\u0103 trupuri \u015fi manipuleaz\u0103 con\u015ftiin\u0163e, o institu\u0163ie sau o grupare care \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 controleze umanitatea, fie c\u0103 descoper\u0103 fiin\u0163e venite din alte lumi, aproape inimaginabile pentru noi, realismul- fantastic militeaz\u0103 pentru adev\u0103ruri esen\u0163iale \u00een formarea genera\u0163iilor succesive de oameni interesa\u0163i s\u0103 schimbe \u00een bine societatea \u00een care tr\u0103iesc. \u015ei ne aminte\u015fte c\u0103 exist\u0103 \u2013\u00a0 \u00een imensitatea universurilor cunoscute \u015fi a celor \u00eenc\u0103 nedescoperite \u2013 infinit mai multe dec\u00e2t putem noi percepe sau \u00een\u0163elege ast\u0103zi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sunt doar c\u00e2teva din avertismentele acestui gen literar \u2013 \u00eenso\u0163ite de un crez: \u201eImportant\u0103 nu este \u00eentotdeauna victoria, ci curajul de a lupta.\u201c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/47\/fecioara-de-fier-2002_zpstyk8sijh.jpg?resize=643%2C1024\" alt=\"\" width=\"643\" height=\"1024\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ceea ce, \u00eentr-un fel, reprezint\u0103 esen\u0163a realismului-fantastic. El se constituie \u00eentr-un manual de autoap\u0103rare a omenirii \u00eempotriva surprizelor pe care i le rezerv\u0103 universul \u015fi viitorul. Un exerci\u0163iu de supravie\u0163uire \u2013 dar nu cu orice pre\u0163. C\u0103ci, prinse \u00een vortexul timpului, \u00een purgatoriul lumilor paralele sau doar \u00een co\u015fmarul existen\u0163ei cotidiene \u00eentr-o societate marcat\u0103 de tare profunde, personajele din operele reprezentative ale genului \u00ee\u015fi p\u0103streaz\u0103 o tr\u0103s\u0103tur\u0103 definitorie: umanitatea.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00cen final, devine irelevant dac\u0103 Binele c\u00e2\u015ftig\u0103 sau pierde. Esen\u0163ial r\u0103m\u00e2ne doar mesajul transmis cititorului: fiecare destin conteaz\u0103, orice om poate influen\u0163a balan\u0163a universal\u0103 dintre Bine \u015fi R\u0103u. Destinul tuturor depinde de voin\u0163a fiec\u0103ruia \u2013 ceea ce, chiar la scar\u0103 cosmic\u0103, nu poate fi lipsit de \u00eensemn\u0103tate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Iar destinul genera\u0163iilor viitoare este hot\u0103r\u00e2t de noi, ast\u0103zi.<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>de Rodica\u00a0 Bretin \u00a0\u201eFantasticul este\u00a0 forma suprem\u0103 a literaturii\u201c spunea scriitorul peruan Mario Vargas Llosa, laureat al Premiului Nobel pentru Literatur\u0103, referindu-se la realismul-fantastic, \u00een care exceleaz\u0103 \u015fcoala latino-american\u0103. Genul propune o construc\u0163ie perfect logic\u0103 \u015fi coerent\u0103 care, \u00een mod subtil dar inevitabil, duce c\u0103tre o rezolvare ce nu \u0163ine de realitatea imediat \u00eenconjur\u0103toare, pe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1224,125],"tags":[1225,1129,1219],"class_list":["post-11367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-egophobia-47","category-invitat","tag-egophobia-47","tag-invitat","tag-rodica-bretin"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6DakB-2Xl","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11367","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11367"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11367\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11387,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11367\/revisions\/11387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11367"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11367"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11367"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}