\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nu este u\u015for s\u0103 se reconstituie filmul vie\u0163ii dup\u0103 resturile sche\u00adletelor r\u0103mase, dup\u0103 rarele indicii ale comportamentului ali\u00admentar, reproductiv \u015fi social al respectivelor f\u0103pturi, mai ales \u00een cazul unui taxon care a evoluat \u00een trecut. Cu at\u00eet mai difi\u00adcil\u0103 a fost sarcina autorului \u2013 aceea de a \u0163ine seama de toate elementele ce trebuiau puse \u00een balan\u0163\u0103, de dificult\u0103\u0163ile de informare \u015fi de cerin\u0163a de a prezenta materialul \u00een mod clar, coerent \u015fi atr\u0103g\u0103tor pentru \u00eentreaga gam\u0103 tipologic\u0103 exis\u00adtent\u0103 \u00een masa cititorilor, cu o at\u00eet de diferit\u0103 capacitate de \u00een\u0163e\u00adlegere \u015fi receptivitate la nou. (Problema acestei recepti\u00advi\u00adt\u0103\u0163i este, din nefericire, mai degrab\u0103 psihologic\u0103 dec\u00eet logic\u0103, scepti\u00adcismul aprioric \u00eent\u00eelnindu-se la toate structurile mentale \u015fi categoriile culturale.) Deci, autorul se afla \u00een fa\u0163a unui obstacol greu de tre\u00adcut, c\u0103ci, dup\u0103 cum spunea un cercet\u0103tor francez: \u201eIncre\u00addu\u00adli\u00adta\u00adtea este fiica ignoran\u0163ei, fie c\u0103 se bazeaz\u0103 pe lipsa de informa\u0163ie, fie c\u0103 se reazem\u0103 pe o barier\u0103 artificial\u0103, \u00een acela\u015fi timp precau\u0163ie \u015fi lenevie de spirit\u201c. \u015ei totu\u015fi, Dan Apostol reu\u015fe\u015fte s\u0103 conving\u0103, prin talent, dar mai ales printr-o vast\u0103 \u015fi riguroas\u0103 informare. (\u00cen medie, pentru fiecare eve\u00adni\u00adment, fenomen sau caz semnalat s\u00eent folosite patru surse docu\u00admentare independente \u015fi poate c\u0103 acest remarcabil publi\u00adcist ar merita mai cur\u00eend un loc printre paleontologi \u015fi paleo\u00adetio\u00adlogi, dat fiind calitatea \u015fi modul de ordonare, de sinte\u00adti\u00adza\u00adre a argumentelor sale.) Dup\u0103 o temeinic\u0103 analiz\u0103 a celor mai noi date ale paleontologiei, concentr\u00eendu-se asupra ori\u00adzon\u00adtului cronologic-evolutiv al dinosaurilor \u015fi trec\u00eend \u00een revis\u00adt\u0103 momentele critice ale evenimentelor cu rol selectiv din tra\u00adiectoria ascendent\u0103 a presupuselor reptile, autorul demon\u00adstrea\u00adz\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een cazul unei considerabile p\u0103r\u0163i a acestui taxon, este vorba de o categorie de animale endoterme (cu s\u00eenge cald) \u015fi cu un metabolism activ, apropiat ca randament ener\u00adgetic de cel al p\u0103s\u0103rilor \u015fi mamiferelor.<\/p>\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dan Apostol prezint\u0103 aceast\u0103 lume, dinamic\u0103, polimorf\u0103 \u015fi coerent\u0103 cu o incontestabil\u0103 intui\u0163ie de naturalist \u015fi cu mult\u0103 logic\u0103 \u00een c\u00eent\u0103rirea unor fapte \u0163in\u00eend de discipline \u015fti\u00adin\u00ad\u0163ifice diverse, fapte uneori concordante, \u00eens\u0103 cel mai adesea contra\u00addictorii. Calitatea c\u0103r\u0163ii de fa\u0163\u0103 se afirm\u0103 \u015fi prin tra\u00adtarea modului de via\u0163\u0103 \u015fi specificit\u0103\u0163ii fiziologice a dino\u00adsa\u00adu\u00adri\u00ade\u00adnilor, ca fiin\u0163e caracterizate prin locomo\u0163ie cu pozi\u0163ie erijat\u0103 a membrelor, cu metabolism apt de a contracara dis\u00adtan\u0163a mare din circuitul inim\u0103-creier, cu inim\u0103 dup\u0103 toa\u00adte aparen\u0163ele complex com\u00adpar\u00adti\u00admen\u00adtat\u0103, cu schelet structurat pe baz\u0103 de canale haversiene dezvoltate (ceea ce asigur\u0103 o iri\u00adga\u00adre intens\u0103 a oaselor) \u015fi privat de liniile de cre\u015ftere caracte\u00adristice reptilelor.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00cen capitolele privind evolu\u0163ia aparte a dinosaurienilor, \u00een progresiv\u0103 desprindere de mediul acvatic, se subliniaz\u0103 lunga perioad\u0103 de predominan\u0163\u0103 a acestor f\u0103pturi (150 milioane de ani) de la etapa afirm\u0103rii lor \u00een selec\u0163ie, prin jugularea evolu\u0163iei synapsidelor, p\u00een\u0103 la preluarea de c\u0103tre mamifere a suprema\u0163iei \u00een biotipul terestru. Autorul aminte\u015fte faptul c\u0103 exist\u0103 indicii preg\u00adnante pentru a atrage aten\u0163ia asupra neoteniei acestui grup \u00een raport cu celelalte reptile, mai primitive, dinosaurienii situ\u00eendu-se \u00eentr-o pozi\u0163ie analog\u0103 cu cea a primatelor fa\u0163\u0103 de restul mamiferelor. Prob\u0103 creierul voluminos al unor dino\u00adsa\u00adurieni, agilitatea \u015fi mobilitatea aparatului locomotor, endo\u00adtermia \u015fi metabolismul activ ce a condi\u0163ionat-o, alimen\u00adta\u00ad\u0163ia omnivor\u0103, activitatea cerebral\u0103 sporit\u0103 \u015fi mult mai eficient\u0103. Dan Apostol subscrie la concluzia lui Robert Bakker \u00een a con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adra dinosaurienii o clas\u0103 separat\u0103, situat\u0103 evo\u00adlu\u00ad\u0163io\u00adnar \u00eentre reptile \u015fi mami\u00adfere. Ca o consecin\u0163\u0103 a ra\u0163io\u00adna\u00admentelor \u015fi de\u00admon\u00adstra\u00ad\u0163ii\u00adlor prezentate se ridic\u0103 \u00eentrebarea: \u00een ce m\u0103sur\u0103 unele specii sau chiar genuri de dinosaurieni ar fi putut supra\u00advie\u0163ui \u015fi dup\u0103 \u201emarea dispari\u0163ie\u201c dintre Cretacic \u015fi Triasic?<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ceea ce r\u0103m\u00eene \u00een esen\u0163\u0103 demonstrat este faptul c\u0103 dino\u00adsa\u00adurienii nu au fost integral nici reptile, nici mamifere, ci o cate\u00adgo\u00adrie taxonomic\u0103 aparte, prea pu\u0163in cunoscut\u0103. O evo\u00adlu\u0163ie parti\u00adcular\u0103 a conferit acestor vie\u0163uitoare specifi\u00adci\u00adta\u00adtea biologic\u0103 \u201einter\u00admediar\u0103\u201c; s-ar putea considera c\u0103, evolu\u00eend din reptile, dino\u00adsaurienii au c\u00ee\u015ftigat, prin selec\u0163ie \u015fi con\u00adver\u00adgen\u0163\u0103 adaptiv\u0103, unele caractere analoge sau omologe celor ale mami\u00adferelor, c\u0103p\u0103\u00adt\u00eend, probabil, pronun\u0163ate dispo\u00adnibilit\u0103\u0163i de adaptare la mediu. Se ajunge logic la ipoteza supra\u00advie\u00ad\u0163u\u00adirii p\u00een\u0103 \u00een timpuri istorice sau \u00een actualitate a unor specii de dino\u00adsaurieni tere\u015ftri, aerieni sau marini. P\u0103r\u0163i considerabile ale c\u0103r\u0163ii s\u00eent consacrate analizei credibilit\u0103\u0163ii cazurilor sem\u00adna\u00adlate \u015fi a argumentelor pro sau contra, de ordin zoologic, pale\u00adontologic \u015fi fiziologic. Multe sem\u00adnal\u0103ri sau comentarii cunos\u00adcute provin de la o serie de perso\u00adna\u00adlit\u0103\u0163i de prestigiu ale \u015ftiin\u0163ei sau din partea unor exploratori cu certe garan\u0163ii de serio\u00adzitate, iar cazurile s\u00eent analizate obiectiv, pe baza unor co\u00adrela\u0163ii \u015ftiin\u0163ifice, culturale \u015fi logice.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dan Apostol consider\u0103 corect\u0103 ipoteza ce sus\u0163ine c\u0103 f\u0103ptu\u00adrile cu aspect dinosaurian \u00eent\u00eelnite \u00een decursul timpului \u00een ocea\u00ad\u00adnele, junglele \u015fi savanele Terrei s\u00eent relicve sau variante \u00eenru\u00addite ale unora dintre numeroasele specii de dinosauri mezo\u00adzoici \u2013 \u015fi urm\u0103rindu-i fluenta argumenta\u0163ie este greu s\u0103 ajungi la o alt\u0103 concluzie.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 O remarcabil\u0103 bibliografie, de la autori de prestigiu (Piveteau, Racovi\u0163\u0103, Stahl, Brehm, Colbert, Oudemans, Wilford, Akimu\u015fkin, Battisti, B\u00f6lsche, Davita\u015fvili, Persinger, Gould, Kemp, Glut, Cox, Dixon, Spinar \u015fi Bunar) \u015fi publi\u00adca\u0163ii ca \u201eNature\u201c, \u201eNational Geographic\u201c, p\u00een\u0103 la extrase din arhivele mari\u00adne\u00adlor de r\u0103zboi englez\u0103, francez\u0103 \u015fi ger\u00adma\u00adn\u0103, asigur\u0103 con\u0163inutul faptic \u015fi fiabilitatea docu\u00admen\u00adta\u00ad\u0163i\u00adei c\u0103r\u0163ii de fa\u0163\u0103, care, prin bogatul con\u0163i\u00adnut de informa\u0163ie, triat scrupulos \u015fi inter\u00adpretat cu mult\u0103 pre\u00adcau\u0163ie (adesea cu spirit critic) aduce citi\u00adtorului un impor\u00adtant spor de cunoa\u015ftere.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201eLumea Dragonilor\u201c reprezint\u0103 o lucrare de referin\u0163\u0103 \u00eentr-un domeniu \u00een care documentarea \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103 nu este la \u00een\u00adde\u00adm\u00eena oricui \u015fi r\u0103m\u00eene meritul autorului de a fi f\u0103cut efor\u00adturi greu imaginabile pentru a \u015fi-o procura, cu sacrificiile de ri\u00adgoare. Mai mult, o asemenea carte este de natur\u0103 s\u0103 stimu\u00adleze pre\u00adocup\u0103ri care st\u00eenjenesc, dup\u0103 cum se \u015ftie, confor\u00adtul spiritelor \u00eem\u00adp\u0103cate cu dogmele \u015fi baricadate \u00een confor\u00admism. Opun\u00eendu-se (\u00eenc\u0103 o dat\u0103) celor ce prezic moartea c\u0103r\u00ad\u0163ii au\u00adtohtone de orice factur\u0103, Dan Apostol se dovede\u015fte un publi\u00adcist de excep\u0163ie, prin capacitatea-i extraordinar\u0103 de a face in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00ad\u0163ia accesibil\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 a o vulgariza, prin matu\u00adri\u00adtatea analizei, prin evolu\u0163ia sa continu\u0103, prin stilul britanic, limpede, sobru \u015fi \u00een acela\u015fi timp fascinant, at\u00eet de rar \u00eent\u00eelnit \u00een publicistica noastr\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
de Cantemir Ri\u015fcu\u0163ia \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Binecunoscut \u015fi apreciat autor de best-seller-uri, care \u00eembin\u0103 exhaustivitatea unei vaste culturi enciclo\u00adpe\u00addice cu talentul publicistic, Dan Apostol propune cititorilor rom\u00e2ni, \u00een plin av\u00eent al subliteraturii comerciale, un subiect aparte, considerat printre cele mai enigmatice din istoria evo\u00adlu\u00ad\u0163iei lumii vii pe Terra: radia\u0163ia \u015fi extinc\u0163ia dinosaurilor. Inte\u00adresul suscitat de o asemenea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1224,125],"tags":[1234,1232,1225,1129],"class_list":["post-11369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-egophobia-47","category-invitat","tag-cantemir-riscutia","tag-dan-apostol","tag-egophobia-47","tag-invitat"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6DakB-2Xn","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11369","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11369"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11369\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11383,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11369\/revisions\/11383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11369"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11369"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11369"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}