{"id":11757,"date":"2017-05-31T11:54:12","date_gmt":"2017-05-31T09:54:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=11757"},"modified":"2017-08-14T09:31:22","modified_gmt":"2017-08-14T07:31:22","slug":"jocul-tarot-al-suprarealistilor-din-marsilia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=11757","title":{"rendered":"Jocul Tarot al suprareali\u015ftilor din Marsilia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\">de Adrian Grauenfels<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00centr-un Ianuarie 1941 o duzin\u0103 de &#8220;indezirabili&#8221;, adic\u0103 evrei, antifasci\u015fti \u015fi apatrizi sim\u0163ind apropierea nazismului se str\u00e2ng la Marsilia unde se mutaser\u0103 \u015fi consulatele c\u00e2torva \u0163\u0103ri neutre din Europa. Se \u015ftie cert c\u0103 erau acolo: revolu\u0163ionarul rus Victor Serge, pictorii Max Ernst, Victor Brauner, Wilfrido Lam, Oscar Dominguez, Jacqueline Lamba, Andre Masson \u015fi colec\u0163ionara Peggy Guggenheim. Poetul Andre Breton, \u015feful mi\u015fc\u0103rii suparealiste aranjeaz\u0103 ca to\u0163i ace\u015fti refugia\u0163i s\u0103 fie lua\u0163i sub aripa protectoare a Comitetului de Salvare American, condus de Varian Fry.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">De fapt to\u0163i a\u015fteptau viza consulatului American. Al\u0163ii din cei cinci apar\u0163in\u00e2nd &#8220;Grupul suprarealist Rom\u00e2n&#8221; se r\u0103sp\u00e2ndesc \u00eentre Fran\u0163a \u015fi Bucure\u015fti. \u00cen acest an Gherasim Luca redacteaz\u0103 capodopera sa Vampirul Pasiv, Gellu Naum era deja mobilizat pentru frontul de est. Victor Brauner \u015fi Jacques Herlod nu vor primi niciodat\u0103 viza visat\u0103.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vgy.me\/a0PvCE.jpg?resize=236%2C377&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"236\" height=\"377\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cei afla\u0163i \u00een sudul Fran\u0163ei se instaleaz\u0103 \u00een vila Air-Bel, pe Bulevardul Lombarzilor 63, care num\u0103ra 15 camere. Refugia\u0163ii au botezat vila &#8220;Castelul vizei-speran\u0163\u0103&#8221;. Ce naiba f\u0103cem acum, sau m\u00e2ine? \u00eentreba nervos Andre Breton. Brauner era amenin\u0163at de legile anti-evreie\u015fti ale regimului Vichy. De fapt to\u0163i erau marca\u0163i a fii anti-nazi\u015fti prin scrisul, pictura ori politica la care aderaser\u0103. Era necesar s\u0103 reziste f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 se g\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 la ce va urma.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Un joc, luat \u00een serios <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Breton propune un joc suprarealist. Era un om liber, f\u0103r\u0103 o ocupa\u0163ie concret\u0103, liderul ales al unei avangarde n\u0103scute \u00eenainte de r\u0103zboi. Amicii s\u0103i probau acea uniune a realului cu imaginarul produs\u0103 de somn sau de hipnoz\u0103. Se \u00eent\u00e2lneau zilnic la cafeneaua lor preferat\u0103, &#8220;Lupii Arz\u0103tori&#8221; aflat\u0103 l\u00e2ng\u0103 mare, pe cheiul Belgian. Jucau diverse jocuri, uneori desenau, sau polemizau timp de ore. Jocul duce la o g\u00e2ndire colectiv\u0103, scrie biograful lui Breton, Henri Behar, despre suprareali\u015ftii no\u015ftri. Poezia lor colectiv\u0103 &#8220;este unitar\u0103, curajoas\u0103 \u015fi apetisant\u0103&#8221;, decide Paul Eluard ani mai traziu. Tr\u0103iau f\u0103r\u0103 griji, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 se pl\u00e2ng\u0103 de mizerie, doar plictisul obi\u015fnuit \u00eei deranja teribil.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vgy.me\/aJlLXi.jpg?resize=250%2C366&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"250\" height=\"366\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Cum s\u0103 ui\u0163i ororile <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Aveau ceva metode de anulare a plictiselii. C\u00e2\u0163iva, refugia\u0163i \u00een sera vilei, citeau sau fumau. \u00cen parcul vilei, bogat \u00een m\u0103slini \u015fi pomi acacia, Breton cita versete religioase ale c\u0103ror moral\u0103, i se p\u0103rea, eclipsa faptele diverse din cotidienele de scandal. Uneori organizau expozi\u0163ii de pictur\u0103 cu tablourile lui Max Ernst ag\u0103\u0163ate prin pomi. Nu se \u015ftie cine a propus un joc de c\u0103r\u0163i. Era o idee bun\u0103, oricum locatarii nu se puteau aventura \u00een ora\u015f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vgy.me\/VfjtLZ.jpg?resize=236%2C348&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"236\" height=\"348\" \/><br \/>\nAtmosfera devenise irespirabil\u0103. Jandarmi diver\u015fi patrulau strada terorizandu-i, uneori d\u0103deau t\u00e2rcoale vilei chiar \u015fi de trei ori \u00eenaceia\u015fi zi. La 3 decembrie, un mare\u015fal viziteaz\u0103 Marsilia, prilej ca poli\u0163ia s\u0103 verifice vila arti\u015ftilor. Au g\u0103sit un revolver a lui Victor Serge, un mic pistol apar\u0163in\u00e2nd lui Breton, dar cel mai grav &#8211; un colaj intitulat &#8220;Blestematul Cretin Petain&#8221;. Destul ca s\u0103 fie aresta\u0163i pe trei zile \u00eempreun\u0103 cu \u00eenc\u0103 20.000 de persoane considerate a fi &#8220;subversivi periculo\u015fi&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vgy.me\/JUBzmy.jpg?resize=450%2C647&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"450\" height=\"647\" \/><br \/>\n[C\u0103r\u0163ile suprarealiste Tarot de Marsilia]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Deci au decis s\u0103 inventeze un joc de c\u0103r\u0163i. Breton se ofer\u0103 s\u0103 studieze problema c\u0103ut\u00e2nd referin\u0163e la subiect \u00een biblioteca palatului Carli, \u00een apropierea Portului Vechi. C\u0103r\u0163ile de ghicit Marseieze Tarot erau deja \u00een uzul ghicitoarelor, \u00een special a unei domne Sacco din Paris despre care Breton spunea: &#8220;Nu s-a \u00een\u015felat vreodat\u0103, \u00een cazul meu&#8221;. Ga\u015fca vesel\u0103 decide s\u0103 produc\u0103 ceva nou, o satir\u0103 la adresa guvernului miltar instalat. Regele \u015fi Regina \u00ee\u015fi pierd tronul \u00een favoarea Geniului \u015fi a Sirenei, valetul este eliberat, \u00eenlocuit cu un magician. Cele patru semne clasice: pica, trefla, caroul \u015fi inima sunt \u00eenlocuite cu &#8220;dragostea, visul, revolu\u0163ia, \u015fi cunoa\u015fterea &#8211; simbolurile mi\u015fc\u0103rii suprarealiste. Apar noi semne: flac\u0103ra, stele, roata, lac\u0103tul.. Figurile sunt \u00eenlocuite prin tragere la sor\u0163i. Ernst propune pe revolu\u0163ionarul Pancho Villa. Al\u0163ii \u00eel vor pe Baudelaire. Andre Masson \u00eel sus\u0163ine pe poetul Novalis, Dominguez voteaz\u0103 pentru Freud. Victor Brauner alege pe Hegel. Wilfredo Lam pe Lautr\u00e9amont, Jacques H\u00e9rold propune pe marchizul de Sade, Breton adaug\u0103 figura alchimistului dins ecolul XV, Paracelsus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vgy.me\/Df7mie.jpg?resize=298%2C447&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"298\" height=\"447\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Erau timpuri pline de lipsuri, hrana era distribuit\u0103 pe tichete cu ra\u0163ii precise, amicii \u00ee\u015fi \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163eau creioane colorate albastru \u015fi ro\u015fu, din ce \u00een ce mai greu de procurat. Mai aveau ceva acurele \u015fi tu\u015f negru. Desenau pe h\u00e2rtie Canson sau pe foi albe smulse de la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul c\u0103r\u0163ilor tip\u0103rite. Cu totul au realizat 25 de c\u0103r\u0163i de joc cu personajele fantastice stabilite.<br \/>\nDesenele lui Brauner pentru Helen Smith, prezint\u0103 un leopard cu o coam\u0103 exotic\u0103. Dominguez \u00eenlocuie\u015fte musta\u0163a \u015fi cravata lui Freud cu nuduri feminine. Ernst \u00eel orneaz\u0103 pe Pancho Villa cu un cap de pas\u0103re de prad\u0103 \u015fi un \u015farpe \u00eencol\u0103cit \u00een jurul m\u00e2inilor. Marchizul de Sade este \u00een posesia unor pumnale bine ascu\u0163ite.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vgy.me\/hsQkWU.jpg?resize=298%2C447&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"298\" height=\"447\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Originalele au fost donate de Aube Breton, \u00een anul 2000, muzului Cantini. De fapt, c\u0103r\u0163ile n-au fost folosit la joc niciodat\u0103. \u00cen martie 1941 Peggy Guggenheim pl\u0103te\u015fte biletele de vapor pentru Breton, Jacqueline Lamba \u015fi fiica lor Aube. Cei trei vor ajunge cu bine \u00een Statele Unit, \u00eenso\u0163i\u0163i de Wilfredo Lam. Ernst \u015fi Andre Masson vor sosi \u015fi ei mai t\u00e2rziu. Amicii se re\u00eent\u00e2lnesc pentru o scurt\u0103 perioada angaj\u00e2ndu-se \u00een alte jocuri ale spirtului. Ca s\u0103 la fie cald \u015fi s\u0103 uite.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">#<br \/>\nsurse foto: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.johncoulthart.com\/\">http:\/\/www.johncoulthart.com<\/a>, Petre R\u0103ileanu<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>de Adrian Grauenfels \u00centr-un Ianuarie 1941 o duzin\u0103 de &#8220;indezirabili&#8221;, adic\u0103 evrei, antifasci\u015fti \u015fi apatrizi sim\u0163ind apropierea nazismului se str\u00e2ng la Marsilia unde se mutaser\u0103 \u015fi consulatele c\u00e2torva \u0163\u0103ri neutre din Europa. Se \u015ftie cert c\u0103 erau acolo: revolu\u0163ionarul rus Victor Serge, pictorii Max Ernst, Victor Brauner, Wilfrido Lam, Oscar Dominguez, Jacqueline Lamba, Andre Masson [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,1273],"tags":[87,1120,1274],"class_list":["post-11757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articole","category-egophobia-49-50","tag-adrian-grauenfels","tag-articole","tag-egophobia-49-50"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6DakB-33D","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11757"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11757\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11850,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11757\/revisions\/11850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11757"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11757"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}