{"id":14609,"date":"2023-02-06T07:34:45","date_gmt":"2023-02-06T05:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=14609"},"modified":"2023-02-05T22:36:19","modified_gmt":"2023-02-05T20:36:19","slug":"din-cauza-si-datorita-considerente-lingvistice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=14609","title":{"rendered":"\u201eDin cauza\u201d \u0219i \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d: considerente lingvistice"},"content":{"rendered":"

de Oliviu Cr\u00e2znic<\/p>\n

F\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103 c\u0103 to\u021bi am trecut, la un moment dat, prin penibila situa\u021bie \u00een care, rostind cuvinte precum \u201edin cauza\u201d ori \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d, ni s-a atras mustr\u0103tor aten\u021bia c\u0103 nu vorbim corect \u2013 pentru c\u0103 locu\u021biunea prepozi\u021bional\u0103 \u201edin cauza\u201d are \u2013 nu-i a\u0219a? \u2013 conota\u021bii negative, pe c\u00e2nd prepozi\u021bia \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d, dimpotriv\u0103, are conota\u021bii pozitive!<\/p>\n

Ne exprim\u0103m speran\u021ba c\u0103, \u00een asemenea \u00eemprejur\u0103ri, majoritatea cititorilor no\u0219tri \u0219i-au[1] p\u0103strat cump\u0103tul \u0219i au izbucnit, \u00eeng\u0103duitor, \u00een hohote de r\u00e2s.<\/p>\n

Deoarece, fire\u0219te, aceast\u0103 \u201ediferen\u021b\u0103\u201d este un simplu mit lingvistic, n\u0103scut din pur semidoctism \u2013 \u00een concret:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. din cuno\u0219tin\u021be incomplete \u00een privin\u021ba no\u021biunii de sinonimie, care nu cuprinde strict cuvinte\/expresii\/locu\u021biuni cu \u00een\u021beles identic (caz \u00een care avem de a face cu o sinonimie perfect\u0103\/absolut\u0103\/total\u0103), ci \u0219i cuvinte\/expresii\/locu\u021biuni cu \u00een\u021beles (doar) asem\u0103n\u0103tor\/apropiat, diferind (semnificativ ori doar ca nuan\u021b\u0103) \u00een func\u021bie de context (caz \u00een care avem de a face cu o sinonimie imperfect\u0103\/relativ\u0103\/par\u021bial\u0103);<\/li>\n
  2. din gre\u0219ita interpretare (ca urmare a pct. 1) a sinonimiei locu\u021biunilor prepozi\u021bionale \u201edin cauza\u201d \u0219i \u201edin vina\u201d, respectiv a sinonimiei prepozi\u021biilor \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d \u0219i \u201emul\u021bumit\u0103\/gra\u021bie\u201d, ca fiind una perfect\u0103\/absolut\u0103\/total\u0103, c\u00e2nd, \u00een fapt, este (doar) una imperfect\u0103\/relativ\u0103\/par\u021bial\u0103;<\/li>\n
  3. probabil, \u0219i din amintirea vag\u0103 a existen\u021bei unei diferen\u021be importante \u0219i a necesit\u0103\u021bii evit\u0103rii unor confuzii altminteri frecvente \u00eentre \u201e(din) cauza\u201d \u0219i o alt\u0103 no\u021biune cu \u00een\u021beles apropiat (este vorba, \u00een fapt, despre diferen\u021ba fa\u021b\u0103 de prepozi\u021bia \u201epentru\u201d[2], atunci c\u00e2nd aceasta din urm\u0103 introduce un complement circumstan\u021bial nu de cauz\u0103, ci de scop).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00cen mod cert, \u201ecauza\u201d (lat. \u201ecausa\u201d: \u201emotiv\u201d, \u201esurs\u0103\u201d) nu are, \u201eper se\u201d, conota\u021bii negative (adic\u0103 doar \u00een\u021belesul de \u201evin\u0103\u201d): absolut orice efect, indiferent dac\u0103 este pozitiv ori negativ, are o cauz\u0103 (pe m\u0103sur\u0103).<\/p>\n

    La fel de cert, \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d nu are, \u00een mod neap\u0103rat, conota\u021bii pozitive (adic\u0103 doar \u00een\u021belesul de \u201emul\u021bumit\u0103\/gra\u021bie\u201d): \u00een fapt, s-ar putea aduce argumente \u00een sprijinul existen\u021bei unor conota\u021bii negative a lat. \u201edebere\u201d (de unde \u0219i \u201edebitor\u201d); \u00eens\u0103 hot\u0103r\u00e2tor r\u0103m\u00e2ne, \u0219i \u00een acest caz, contextul.<\/p>\n

    Prin urmare[3]:<\/p>\n

    \u2013 \u201edin cauza\u201d = \u201edin vina\u201d + alte \u00een\u021belesuri (sinonimie imperfect\u0103\/relativ\u0103\/par\u021bial\u0103);<\/p>\n

    \u2013 \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d = \u201emul\u021bumit\u0103\/gra\u021bie\u201d + alte \u00een\u021belesuri (sinonimie imperfect\u0103\/relativ\u0103\/par\u021bial\u0103);<\/p>\n

    \u2013 \u201edin cauza\u201d = \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d (sinonimie perfect\u0103\/absolut\u0103\/total\u0103).<\/p>\n

    \u00cencheiem acest scurt articol didactic \u00eentreb\u00e2ndu-ne cum se simt, oare, acei \u201edoctor honoris causa\u201d c\u0103rora \u00eencepe s\u0103 li se aduc\u0103 la cuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103 faptul c\u0103 meritele nu reprezint\u0103, \u00een nici un caz, motiv de m\u00e2ndrie, ci o \u201ecauz\u0103\u201d \u2013 cuv\u00e2nt ale c\u0103rui conota\u021bii negative ne-au tot fost explicate \u00een ace\u0219ti ani marca\u021bi de o v\u0103dit\u0103 (hiper)corectitudine lingvistic\u0103.<\/p>\n

    \n

    [1] \u00cen caz c\u0103 v\u0103 \u00eentreba\u021bi, da, exprimarea corect\u0103 (\u00een ciuda unui alt mit lingvistic izvor\u00e2t din semidoctism) este \u201emajoritatea cititorilor \u0219i-au p\u0103strat\u201d, nu \u201emajoritatea cititorilor \u0219i-a p\u0103strat\u201d.<\/p>\n

    \n

    [2] Locu\u021biunea prepozi\u021bional\u0103 \u201edin cauza\u201d \u0219i prepozi\u021bia \u201epentru\u201d, respectiv prepozi\u021bia \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d \u0219i prepozi\u021bia \u201epentru\u201d se g\u0103sesc, de asemenea, \u00een rela\u021bii de sinonimie (doar) imperfect\u0103\/relativ\u0103\/par\u021bial\u0103.<\/p>\n

    A se vedea, de pild\u0103, Dic\u021bionarul limbii rom\u00eene literare contemporane<\/em>, Ed. Academiei Republicii Populare Rom\u00e2ne, 1955-1957: \u201eP\u00c9NTRU prep. I. Exprim\u0103 un raport cauzal. (Introduce un complement circumstan\u021bial de cauz\u0103) Din cauza…, din pricina…, datorit\u0103… A\u0219a din senin \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 cuv\u00eent… se m\u00eenia foc pentru toat\u0103 nimica.<\/em> HOGA\u0218, DR. II 134. […] St\u0103p\u00eenitorul ce vars\u0103 \u00een r\u0103zboaie p\u00eeraie de s\u00eenge pentru ambi\u021bie.<\/em> NEGRUZZI, S. I 31. […]\u201d).<\/p>\n

    \n

    [3] A se vedea \u0219i:<\/p>\n

    \u2013 Micul dic\u021bionar academic<\/em>, ed. a II-a, Academia Rom\u00e2n\u0103, Institutul de Lingvistic\u0103, Ed. Univers Enciclopedic, 2010: \u201edatorit\u0103 pp<\/em> [At: COCEA, S. I, 29 \/ E: ns cf datora<\/em>] (Construit cu dativul) 1 Mul\u021bumit\u0103. 2 Din cauza.\u201d;<\/p>\n

    \u2013 Noul dic\u021bionar explicativ al limbii rom\u00e2ne<\/em>, Ed. Litera Interna\u021bional, 2002: \u201eDATOR\u00cdT\u0102 prep.<\/em> 1) (exprim\u0103 un raport instrumental)<\/em> Cu ajutorul; prin intermediul. 2) (exprim\u0103 un raport cauzal)<\/em> Din cauza; din motivul; mul\u021bumit\u0103; gra\u021bie. \/ v. a datora\u201d;<\/p>\n

    \u2013 Dic\u021bionarul explicativ al limbii rom\u00e2ne<\/em>, ed. a II-a, Academia Rom\u00e2n\u0103, Institutul de Lingvistic\u0103, Ed. Univers Enciclopedic, 1998: \u201eDATOR\u00cdT, -\u0102, datori\u021bi, -te,<\/em> adj. 1. (Despre o sum\u0103 de bani sau un bun) Care trebuie pl\u0103tit, restituit cuiva. \u2666 Cuvenit. 2. Provenit din sau de la…, cauzat, pricinuit de… \u2666 (Cu valoare de prepozi\u021bie, \u00een forma datorit\u0103<\/em>) Mul\u021bumit\u0103, gra\u021bie; din cauza, din pricina. [Var.: dator\u00e1t, -\u0103 adj.] \u2013 V. datori.\u201d;<\/p>\n

    \u2013 Dic\u021bionarul limbii rom\u00eene literare contemporane<\/em>, Ed. Academiei Republicii Populare Rom\u00e2ne, 1955-1957: \u201eDATOR\u00cdT, -\u0102, datori\u021bi, -te,<\/em> adj. (\u0218i \u00een forma datorat<\/em>) 1. (Despre o sum\u0103 de bani sau un bun) Care trebuie pl\u0103tit, restituit, dat (cuiva), cu care e\u0219ti dator (cuiva). Domnule subdirector, fii te rog bun \u0219i \u00eenm\u00eeneaz\u0103 suma datorit\u0103<\/em>. CAMIL PETRESCU, T. I 544. 2. Care se cuvine, care constituie o obliga\u021bie legal\u0103 sau moral\u0103. Mi-am f\u0103cut anii datora\u021bi, am ie\u0219it subofi\u021ber; am dat un examen special \u0219i am intrat \u00een corpul jandarmilor.<\/em> SADOVEANU, P. M. 106. Feti\u021ba \u00eenalt\u0103 st\u0103tea tot cu mine \u2013 c\u00eet \u00eei permitea stricta polite\u021be datorit\u0103 altora.<\/em> IBR\u0102ILEANU, A. 28. 3. (Construit cu dativul) Provenit din sau de la…, cauzat, pricinuit de… Febra asta, datorit\u0103 pumnalului \u0219i st\u00eeng\u0103ciei tale, mi-a salvat mintea.<\/em> CAMIL PETRESCU, T. II 278. \u2666 (Numai \u00een forma datorit\u0103<\/em>; cu valoare de prepozi\u021bie) a) Mul\u021bumit\u0103, gra\u021bie. Datorit\u0103 unor foi de \u00eenvelit marfa… am descoperit versiunea cea bun\u0103 a acestei povestiri.<\/em> SADOVEANU, D. P. 6. Datorit\u0103 muncii d-tale… biblioteca e azi \u00een regul\u0103.<\/em> CAMIL PETRESCU, T. I 150. b) Din cauza, din pricina. A murit datorit\u0103 unui atac de angin\u0103 pectoral\u0103.<\/em> CAMIL PETRESCU, T. I 222. \u2013 Variant\u0103: dator\u00e1t, -\u0103 adj.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    de Oliviu Cr\u00e2znic F\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103 c\u0103 to\u021bi am trecut, la un moment dat, prin penibila situa\u021bie \u00een care, rostind cuvinte precum \u201edin cauza\u201d ori \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d, ni s-a atras mustr\u0103tor aten\u021bia c\u0103 nu vorbim corect \u2013 pentru c\u0103 locu\u021biunea prepozi\u021bional\u0103 \u201edin cauza\u201d are \u2013 nu-i a\u0219a? \u2013 conota\u021bii negative, pe c\u00e2nd prepozi\u021bia \u201edatorit\u0103\u201d, dimpotriv\u0103, are conota\u021bii […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,1625],"tags":[1120,1626,636],"class_list":["post-14609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articole","category-egophobia-75","tag-articole","tag-egophobia-75","tag-oliviu-craznic"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6DakB-3ND","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14609","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14609"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14610,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14609\/revisions\/14610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}