{"id":14624,"date":"2023-02-21T12:29:43","date_gmt":"2023-02-21T10:29:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=14624"},"modified":"2023-08-05T00:19:41","modified_gmt":"2023-08-04T22:19:41","slug":"regina-maria-a-romaniei-si-a-sa-literatura-fantastica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=14624","title":{"rendered":"Regina Maria a Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i a sa literatur\u0103 fantastic\u0103 [I]"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Studii fantastice)<\/span><\/p>\n

de Oliviu Cr\u00e2znic<\/p>\n

\u201eThere, where the eyes I followed so far are for ever closed, I left my sword.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Regina MARIA a Rom\u00e2niei<\/strong> (Marie Alexandra Victoria de Saxa Coburg \u0219i Gotha, 1875-1938) a r\u0103mas \u00een istorie prin implicarea sa \u00een politic\u0103[1], prin ac\u021biunile sale caritabile desf\u0103\u0219urate pe frontul Primului R\u0103zboi Mondial[2], printr-o via\u021b\u0103 conjugal\u0103 tulburat\u0103 de zvonuri privind infidelitatea, dar \u0219i prin preocup\u0103rile sale cultural-artistice.<\/p>\n

Referitor la acestea din urm\u0103, consider\u0103m c\u0103 istoria literar\u0103 i-a f\u0103cut Reginei Maria o mare nedreptate, acord\u00e2nd beletristicii sale mult mai pu\u021bin\u0103 aten\u021bie dec\u00e2t merit\u0103 \u0219i o nejustificat\u0103[3] etichet\u0103: \u201eliteratur\u0103 pentru copii\u201d[4].<\/p>\n

Ne vom opri, \u00een continuare, asupra unei scrieri care demonstreaz\u0103, cu prisosin\u021b\u0103, necesitatea reevalu\u0103rii \u0219i revalorific\u0103rii literaturii fantastice create de so\u021bia Regelui Ferdinand I al Rom\u00e2niei\/mama Regelui Carol al II-lea al Rom\u00e2niei.<\/p>\n

Raportat la teoria literar\u0103, Vis\u0103torul viselor <\/em>(The Dreamer of Dreams<\/em>, probabil 1912[5]; Vis\u0103torul de vise. Fantazie<\/em>, trad. M. Miller-Verghy, 1914) apar\u021bine stilului func\u0163ional beletristic, curentului literar prerafaelitist[6], genului literar epic, fiind, ca specie literar\u0103 (din punct de vedere formal \u0219i, respectiv, tematic), un romant[7] fantastic \u0219i, ca subspecie literar\u0103, un romant fantastic \u00eentunecat[8] (medieval; matur[3]).<\/p>\n

Intriga urm\u0103re\u0219te un t\u00e2n\u0103r, frumos, m\u0103iastru \u0219i mult iubit pictor, favoritul unui puternic rege nordic, care, pierz\u00e2ndu-\u0219i talentul \u0219i \u00eennebunind(?) datorit\u0103 unei perechi de ochi fermeca\u021bi care \u00eel urm\u0103resc \u00een vis, \u00eencepe o c\u0103l\u0103torie ini\u021biatic\u0103.<\/p>\n

Pornit la drum cu inima u\u0219oar\u0103 (de\u0219i \u00ee\u0219i abandonase binef\u0103c\u0103torul \u0219i opera de c\u0103p\u0103t\u00e2i la care lucra), trece printr-o serie de aventuri (unele erotice, altele eroice), \u00eenfrunt\u0103 Natura \u0219i supranaturalul, descoper\u0103 \u201eRaiul \u0219i Iadul\u201d, tragedia lovindu-l, \u00een mod cu totul nea\u0219teptat, \u00een chiar momentul culminant al fiec\u0103rei glorioase victorii (\u201eagain God beat me down with my face to the earth\u201d).<\/p>\n

C\u00e2ndva romantic idealist, acum \u00eenc\u0103run\u021bit, sl\u0103bit de suferin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i lipsit de orice speran\u021b\u0103 (transformare care anticipeaz\u0103 \u2013 am putea crede \u2013 versurile faimoasei compozi\u021bii muzicale The Unforgiven<\/em> din repertoriul Metallica) revine la pictura \u00eenceput\u0103, pentru a oferi oamenilor, cu pre\u021bul ultimelor sale puteri \u0219i al ultimului s\u0103u suflu vital, un portret finalizat al frumuse\u021bii absolute.<\/p>\n

Editorul care va \u0219ti s\u0103 publice \u0219i s\u0103 promoveze Vis\u0103torul viselor<\/em> \u00een a\u0219a fel \u00eenc\u00e2t (capod)opera s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la cititorii c\u0103reia \u00eei este, cu adev\u0103rat, destinat\u0103 (a se vedea, \u00een acest sens, \u0219i [6]) va aduce un mare serviciu nu doar acestora, nu doar propriei afaceri, ci \u0219i \u021b\u0103rii noastre \u0219i literaturii universale.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

# Note<\/p>\n

[1] Merit\u0103 amintit aici faptul c\u0103 teza unei influen\u021be semnificative exercitate de Regina Maria asupra politicii so\u021bului \u2013 tez\u0103 desprins\u0103, \u00een principal, din amintirile Reginei \u00eens\u0103\u0219i \u0219i din scrierile unor autori recen\u021bi (mul\u021bi, de pe alte meleaguri, dar \u0219i unii de pe meleagurile noastre) \u2013 este contrazis\u0103 de importante m\u0103rturii de epoc\u0103 (a se vedea, de pild\u0103, I.Gh. Duca \u0219i ale sale Amintiri politice<\/em>, din care afl\u0103m c\u0103 respectiva influen\u021b\u0103 nu putea fi una notabil\u0103, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere \u00eenstr\u0103inarea v\u0103dit\u0103 care domnea \u00een s\u00e2nul cuplului regal unde, perioade \u00eendelungate de timp, nu se discutau dec\u00e2t banalit\u0103\u021bi).<\/p>\n

[2] Popularizate \u00een epoc\u0103 cu ajutorul tuturor mijloacelor de informare public\u0103 disponibile (deci \u00eentr-un mod care cu greu poate fi considerat altfel dec\u00e2t programatic), de la reportaje scrise \u00eenchinate \u201eMamei R\u0103ni\u021bilor\u201d la film\u0103ri \u201einspira\u021bionale\/motiva\u021bionale\u201d \u0219i la emo\u021bionant\u0103 literatur\u0103 de mesaj (\u00een tradi\u021bia \u201eDecebal c\u0103tre popor\u201d), aceste ac\u021biuni ne apar ca av\u00e2nd, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 l\u0103udabilul scop caritabil, \u0219i un mai pu\u021bin l\u0103udabil (\u0219i, totodat\u0103, dificil de contestat) scop propagandistic.<\/p>\n

[3] Regina Maria \u00eens\u0103\u0219i a dedicat opera literar\u0103 asupra c\u0103reia ne-am oprit aici micu\u021bei sale fiice, Ileana. Aceasta nu \u00eenseamn\u0103, \u00eens\u0103, \u00een mod neap\u0103rat, c\u0103 autoarea se adresa unui public compus din copii \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 de cinci ani.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103, totu\u0219i, asemenea public viza Maiestatea Sa, slujindu-se de un text \u00een care moartea love\u0219te deopotriv\u0103 micu\u021be orfane (dup\u0103 \u00eendelungate suferin\u021be), june r\u0103v\u0103\u0219ite de primul (totodat\u0103, ultimul) extaz erotic \u0219i seduc\u0103toare tiranice, atunci comitea (la fel ca mul\u021bi critici literari care s-au aplecat \u2013 cu mai mult\u0103 sau cu mai pu\u021bin\u0103 aten\u021bie \u2013 asupra textului la care ne referim) o grav\u0103 eroare.<\/p>\n

Nu credem, \u00eens\u0103, c\u0103 poate fi vorba despre a\u0219a ceva.<\/p>\n

Carmen Sylva, \u00een prefa\u021ba altei crea\u021bii fantastice (The Lily of Life<\/em>) semnate de Regina Maria, dovede\u0219te c\u0103 a perceput corect \u201efantazia\u201d, caracteriz\u00e2nd-o drept \u201eenjoyment to young and old, the one looking for the sequel of the story, the other taken up by the philosophy and inner meaning\u201d.<\/p>\n

[4] Regina Maria a scris, \u00eentr-adev\u0103r, \u0219i literatur\u0103 pentru copii (basm cult), dar aceasta nu trebuie confundat\u0103 cu literatura sa fantastic\u0103.<\/p>\n

Fantasticul poate fi, cum am ar\u0103tat cu alt\u0103 ocazie (https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=11067<\/a>), impuber sau juvenil, dar \u0219i matur.<\/p>\n

[5] Alte surse indic\u0103 1889, 1900, 1913, respectiv 1915, drept anul public\u0103rii primei edi\u021bii. A patra variant\u0103 ne pare pu\u021bin probabil\u0103, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere apari\u021bia traducerii rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti \u00een 1914, precum \u0219i faptul c\u0103 Regina Maria publicase \u0219i anterior literatur\u0103 fantastic\u0103 (The Lily of Life<\/em>, 1912) \u00een Anglia natal\u0103.<\/p>\n

[6] Din perspectiva literaturii comparate, vedem \u00een Regina Maria o demn\u0103 urma\u0219\u0103 a lui William Morris, o posibil\u0103 egal\u0103 a lui Lord Dunsany \u0219i o cert\u0103 precursoare a lui J.R.R. Tolkien (exist\u0103 incontestabile \u0219i semnificative asem\u0103n\u0103ri de intrig\u0103 \u0219i personaje \u00eentre Vis\u0103torul viselor<\/em> \u0219i St\u0103p\u00e2nul Inelelor<\/em> \u2013 \u00een special \u00een episodul comun al disperatei, sec\u0103tuitoarei ascensiuni montane, dar nu doar acolo).<\/p>\n

\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, numeroase pagini ale autoarei noastre poart\u0103 amprenta curentelor literare estetist \u0219i, respectiv, simbolist \u2013 \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219\u00e2nd, am\u0103nun\u021bit, decoruri mirifice, bogat ornamentate \u0219i pline de semnifica\u021bii; \u00een intrig\u0103 putem identifica, de asemenea, influen\u021ba Portretului lui Dorian Gray<\/em> (creat de Oscar Wilde).<\/p>\n

[7] Am ar\u0103tat, cu alt\u0103 ocazie (https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=14590<\/a>), motivele pentru care prefer\u0103m s\u0103 utiliz\u0103m, pentru desemnarea acestei specii literare, denumirea \u201eromant\u201d (\u0219i nu denumirea r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u0219i \u201eoficial\u0103\u201d \u201eroman\u201d).<\/p>\n

[8] \u00cen ciuda unor episoade absolut feerice \u2013 numeroase, dar anulate de turnura \u00eentunecat\u0103 pe care o cap\u0103t\u0103, de fiecare dat\u0103, evenimentele.<\/p>\n

A se vedea \u0219i [3].<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Studii fantastice) de Oliviu Cr\u00e2znic \u201eThere, where the eyes I followed so far are for ever closed, I left my sword.\u201d \u00a0Regina MARIA a Rom\u00e2niei (Marie Alexandra Victoria de Saxa Coburg \u0219i Gotha, 1875-1938) a r\u0103mas \u00een istorie prin implicarea sa \u00een politic\u0103[1], prin ac\u021biunile sale caritabile desf\u0103\u0219urate pe frontul Primului R\u0103zboi Mondial[2], printr-o via\u021b\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,1625,892],"tags":[1113,1626,636,1628,1194],"class_list":["post-14624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-critica","category-egophobia-75","category-ghidul-cititorului-de-fantastic","tag-critica","tag-egophobia-75","tag-oliviu-craznic","tag-regina-maria","tag-studii-fantastice"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6DakB-3NS","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14624"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14837,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14624\/revisions\/14837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}