{"id":9237,"date":"2012-11-15T20:08:51","date_gmt":"2012-11-15T18:08:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=9237"},"modified":"2012-12-23T20:14:16","modified_gmt":"2012-12-23T18:14:16","slug":"arta-postala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=9237","title":{"rendered":"Arta Po\u015ftal\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

de Adrian Grauenfels<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\nIdeea acestui articol a fost st\u00e2rnit\u0103 de scrisoarea entuziast\u0103 adresat\u0103 de Valery Oi\u015fteanu “A letter to John Evans” artistul care expune recent la galeria Zoubok \u00een NY. G\u0103sim acolo colaje produse de Evans \u00een anul 1984 \u00een amintirea scriitorului George Orwell. Artistul folose\u015fte etichete, poze vechi, timbre po\u015ftale asamblate \u00eentr-o colorat\u0103 \u015fi misterioas\u0103 neo dada orchestra\u0163ie vizual\u0103. Dar aceste elemente sunt exact cele uzuale Artei Po\u015ftale (AP) \u00een care exceleaz\u0103 arti\u015fti c\u0103 Albert Fine, Tom Wirth, May Wilson.<\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n

Prin defini\u0163ie AP este o mi\u015fcare cultural\u0103 axat\u0103 pe schimbul de arte vizuale (dar \u015fi muzic\u0103 sau poezie) livrate prin sistemul po\u015ftal interna\u0163ional. Exper\u0163ii \u00een materie declar\u0103 c\u0103 AP a fost ini\u0163iat\u0103 odat\u0103 ce Cleopatra s-a oferit lui Julius<\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n

Caesar rulat\u0103 \u00eentr-un covor, al\u0163ii consider\u0103 experimentele avantgardiste care f\u0103ceau uz de sistemul po\u015ftal a fi la originea mi\u015fc\u0103rii, dar termenul de Art\u0103 Po\u015ftal\u0103 dateaz\u0103 din anii 60 fiind folosit de americanul Ray Johnson, care la \u015fcoal\u0103 New Yorkez\u0103 de Coresponden\u0163\u0103 ini\u0163iaz\u0103 liberul schimb de mesaje po\u015ftale \u00eentre arti\u015fti sau \u00eentre arti\u015fti \u015fi audien\u0163\u0103 . Ideea lui Johnson de a propaga arta prin coresponden\u0163\u0103 a stabilit planul schimbului liber de opere, trocul, opus comercializ\u0103rii. \u00cen 1970 Johnson \u015fi Maria Tucker organizeaz\u0103 la muzeul Whitney din New York prima expozi\u0163ie public\u0103 a genului \u015fi acolo s-au stabilit regulile pentru astfel de apari\u0163ii. O mi\u015fcare artistic\u0103 FLUXUS care propov\u0103duia<\/p>\n

no\u0163iunea de “Re\u0163ea etern\u0103” se contope\u015fte cu mi\u015fcarea AP \u015fi c\u00e2\u0163iva arti\u0219ti produc o art\u0103 legat\u0103 de po\u015ft\u0103, folosind \u00een opera lor timbre \u015fi c\u0103r\u0163i po\u015ftale.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Trebuie pomenit Robert Watts cu “Ma\u015fina de v\u00e2ndut timbre”, \u015fi Ben Vaultier cu “La discre\u0163ia posta\u015fului” – c\u0103r\u0163i po\u015ftale n\u0103stru\u015fnice purt\u00e2nd adrese diferite pe fe\u0163ele opuse, destinatarul fiind l\u0103sat la alegerea po\u0219ta\u015fului.<\/p>\n

Johnson nu a aderat la grupul Fluxus dar AP este estetic legat\u0103 de aceast\u0103 mi\u015fcare prin scrisorile sale uneori pline de m\u00e2zg\u0103lituri, desene, mesaje stampilate, cuvinte r\u0103zle\u0163e sau lozinci pe care Johnson le producea cu umor \u015fi mali\u0163ie. Nu le vindea, prefera s\u0103 le trimit\u0103 amicilor \u015fi cunoscu\u0163ilor s\u0103i folosind serviciul po\u015ftal. De\u015fi multe lucr\u0103ri s-au pierdut, arta lui a fost apreciat\u0103 de pia\u0163\u0103. Andy Warhol este citat c\u0103 declara public c\u0103 este gata s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 10 dolari pentru orice lucru semnat de Ray Johnson.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

AP \u015fi curentul Fluxus au dus la apari\u0163ia unei re\u0163ele po\u015ftale creative, distinct\u0103 de alte mi\u015fc\u0103ri artistice sau grupuri, prin totala lor deschidere, lipsa de ierarhie, ignorarea regulilor academice, oficiale sau de pia\u0163\u0103, resping\u00e2nd comercialismul. Oricine poate participa la aceast\u0103 re\u0163ea de art\u0103 po\u015ftal\u0103 interschimb\u00e2nd mostre de art\u0103 la discre\u0163ie, participan\u0163ii av\u00e2nd libera alegere s\u0103 r\u0103spund\u0103 sau nu unui mesaj po\u015ftal primit. Uneori AP organizeaz\u0103 proiecte colective \u00een spiritul “totul este acceptat”, f\u0103r\u0103 un juriu care s\u0103 selecteze operele prezentate \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103 cenzur\u0103.<\/p>\n

Contribu\u0163iile nu sunt returnate, dar un catalog extensiv este produs \u015fi trimis tuturor participan\u0163ilor. Acest model a r\u0103mas intact 40 de ani, oferind membrilor sentimentul unei comunit\u0103\u0163i \u00een care se schimb\u0103 idei, filosofie \u015fi estetic\u0103 \u00een manier\u0103 pacifist\u0103 elimin\u00e2ndu-se diferen\u0163ele de limb\u0103, religie sau ideologie.<\/p>\n

Tehnici \u015fi con\u0163inut.<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

AP folose\u015fte o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de mijloace \u015fi metode mix\u00e2nd mediile \u015fi tehnicile necesare. Colajul, foto montajul sunt extrem de folosite confer\u00e2nd Artei Po\u015ftale calit\u0103\u0163ile stilistice DADA sau de Pop Art. Se include uzul \u015ftampilelor, a timbrelor po\u015ftale \u015fi mai recent fotocopierea color, prelucrarea pe computer de imagini \u015fi text. De la Fluxus arti\u015ftii au \u00eemprumutat no\u0163iunea de intermedia care implic\u0103 folosirea mediilor diferite simultan. Muzic\u0103 \u015fi sunet au fost ad\u0103ugate la c\u0103r\u0163i po\u015ftale care declamau la deschiderea plicului un text sau c\u00e2ntau o melodie \u00eenregistrat\u0103 digital de expeditor. O mare aten\u0163ie este acordat\u0103 plicului care poate fi pictat, perforat, cusut, lipit \u015fi remodelat devenind o parte integral\u0103 a mesajului. Arti\u015ftii semnau de m\u00e2n\u0103 sau folosind \u015ftampile din gum\u0103, linoleum gravat, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd plicului unicitate \u015fi apartenen\u0163\u0103. \u00cen plic g\u0103sim orice. Poate fi text, poezie, desene, bancnote, fotografii, colaje, bilete de tren, cinematograf sau muzeu, ambalaje, h\u0103r\u0163i geografice, conectate \u00eentre ele sau nu, la discre\u0163ia artistului. \u00cen anii internetului AP a cucerit meteoric re\u0163eaua care apare ca o extensie natural\u0103 a po\u015ftei pe care o \u00eenlocuie\u015fte cu succes.<\/p>\n

AP se transform\u0103 \u00een timp, adopt\u00e2nd folosirea mediului digital care confer\u0103 vitez\u0103 , suport audio vizual, stocare nelimitat\u0103, u\u015furin\u0163\u0103 de contact dar \u00een schimb sufer\u0103 de lipsa tactilului \u015fi al posesiunii materiale, de facto.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

S\u0103 admitem c\u0103 meritul Artei Po\u015ftale este schimbul cultural, propagarea unor idei \u015fi vise estetice prin \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u015firea lor reveren\u0163ioas\u0103 \u015fi o cooperare multina\u0163ional\u0103 . A\u015f adauga c\u0103 prin dorin\u0163a esen\u0163ial\u0103 de a propaga cultura AP contribuie la viitorul nostru comun.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

de Adrian Grauenfels   Ideea acestui articol a fost st\u00e2rnit\u0103 de scrisoarea entuziast\u0103 adresat\u0103 de Valery Oi\u015fteanu “A letter to John Evans” artistul care expune recent la galeria Zoubok \u00een NY. G\u0103sim acolo colaje produse de Evans \u00een anul 1984 \u00een amintirea scriitorului George Orwell. Artistul folose\u015fte etichete, poze vechi, timbre po\u015ftale asamblate \u00eentr-o colorat\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,946],"tags":[87,1120,1161],"class_list":["post-9237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articole","category-egophobia-36","tag-adrian-grauenfels","tag-articole","tag-egophobia-36"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6DakB-2oZ","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9237"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9239,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9237\/revisions\/9239"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}