{"id":9490,"date":"2013-02-07T14:51:07","date_gmt":"2013-02-07T12:51:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=9490"},"modified":"2013-02-08T14:58:47","modified_gmt":"2013-02-08T12:58:47","slug":"grant-wood-american-gotic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/?p=9490","title":{"rendered":"Grant Wood &#8211; American Gotic"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>[1891-1942]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=right>de Adrian Grauenfels<\/p>\n<p> &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=justify>\nPe c\u00e2nd modernismul \u015fi abstractul produceau dureri de cap amatorilor de pictur\u0103 Grant Wood a oferit Americii un suflu familiar, plas\u00e2nd ruralul, fermierul, omul simplu \u00een centrul picturii sale, cre\u00e2nd un stil american proasp\u0103t, nou. N\u0103scut \u00een statul Iowa t\u00e2n\u0103rul Grant devine interesat de me\u015fte\u015fuguri \u015fi pictur\u0103 de la o v\u00e2rst\u0103 foarte fraged\u0103. Se plimba descul\u0163 prin lanuri, iubea atingerea solului, gr\u00e2nele, cerul. Nu avea culori, nici p\u00e2nze, desena pe orice cu be\u0163i\u015foare arse, scoase din soba familiei. P\u0103rin\u0163ii se a\u015fteptau s\u0103 devin\u0103 fermier ca \u015fi tat\u0103l s\u0103u dar Grant desena cu ardoare oi, capre, g\u0103ini, ra\u0163e.. \u00cei pl\u0103cea s\u0103 se ascund\u0103 \u00een hambare, s\u0103 deseneze mult, dup\u0103 placul inimii. <!--more-->\n<\/p>\n<p align=center>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/37\/gw1_zpsa3232605.jpg?w=812\" wisth=600>\n<\/p>\n<p align=justify>\nLa numai 10 ani tat\u0103l sau moare, iar mama dep\u0103\u015fit\u0103 de problemele fermei este nevoit\u0103 s\u0103 se mute la periferia ora\u015fului Cedar Rapids. Brusc, copilul Grant r\u0103m\u00e2ne deposedat de animalele fermei \u015fi nu este u\u015for acceptat de noii colegi de \u015fcoal\u0103. R\u00e2deau de el, dar umorul s\u0103u \u015fi desenele produse \u00eel ajuta s\u0103 reziste. \u00cen 1910 gradueaz\u0103 \u015fcoala \u015fi se \u00eenscrie la lec\u0163ii suplimentare de t\u00e2mpl\u0103rie, art\u0103, decora\u0163ie \u015fi prelucrarea metalelor.\n<\/p>\n<p align=center>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/37\/gw2_zps4f5c4835.jpg?w=812\" wisth=600>\n<\/p>\n<p align=justify>\n\u00cen timpul primului r\u0103zboi mondial se \u00eenroleaz\u0103 \u00een armat\u0103, talentul s\u0103u la decora\u0163ie este folosit la produs camuflaje pentru tancuri \u015fi camioane. Dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi, \u00eentre 1920 &#8211; 1928 c\u0103l\u0103tore\u015fte de 4 ori \u00een Europa, acolo dorea s\u0103 studieze pictura lui Bonnard, Sisley, Pissarro. \u00cel interesa postimpresionismul dar \u00een final se las\u0103 sedus de pictur\u0103 olandezului Jan van Eyck. \u00cen Germania descoper\u0103 un stil care \u00eel va caracteriza \u00een continuare: va picta subiectele pe care le cunoa\u015fte \u015fi iube\u015fte folosind tehnicile simple ale marilor mae\u015ftrii. Grant \u00een\u0163elege c\u0103 locurile \u015fi scenele natale sunt la fel de importante artei sale ca \u015fi peisajele Europei.\n<\/p>\n<p align=center>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/37\/gw3_zpsb8cc668d.png?w=812\" wisth=600>\n<\/p>\n<p align=justify>\n\u00centr-o zi oarecare Grant descoper\u0103 \u00een Eldon (\u00een sudul statului Iowa) o ferm\u0103 cu o fereastra deosebit\u0103, \u00een form\u0103 de arc gotic, a\u015fa cum v\u0103zuse la catedralele Europene.\n<\/p>\n<p align=center>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/37\/gw5_zps3eedf902.jpg?w=812\" wisth=600>\n<\/p>\n<p align=justify>\nContrastul \u00eentre ferma de tip american clasic \u015fi fereastra arcuit\u0103 \u00eel determin\u0103 pe artist s\u0103 picteze cea ce va deveni ulterior cel mai faimos tablou al Americii \u00een sec XX. \u00cen tablou artistul plaseaz\u0103 pe sora sa Nan \u00een picioare l\u00e2ng\u0103 dentistul familiei Dr. Byron McKeeby, ambii \u00een postura sever\u0103 a unei familii de umili fermieri. Femeia este \u00eembr\u0103cat\u0103 \u00eentr-un \u015for\u0163 colonial folosit frecvent \u00een secolul 19 iar b\u0103rbatul \u0163ine \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103 o furc\u0103, simbolul muncii grele la c\u00e2mp. Tabloul prezentat la Chicago Art Institute c\u00e2\u015ftiga locul 3, iar fotografia picturii explodeaz\u0103 \u00een toate ziarele americane. Tabloul devine popular \u015fi indiscutabil cel mai iubit tablou american datorit\u0103 faptului c\u0103 spectatorul se reg\u0103se\u015fte \u00een personajele pictate, este el \u00eensu\u015fi, doar cu alte haine.<br \/>\nDe multe ori tabloul este comparat cu Mona Lisa (Leonardo da Vinci) sau &#8220;Strig\u0103tul&#8221; lui Munch.\n<\/p>\n<p align=center>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/37\/gw4_zps85d9a0f6.jpg?w=812\" wisth=600>\n<\/p>\n<p align=justify>\nTabloul este l\u0103udat de Gertrude Stein dar criticul Christopher Morley decide c\u0103 este vorba de o satir\u0103 a vie\u0163ii de \u0163ar\u0103 \u00een satul mic, \u00eenchistat \u00een vederi limitate. Al\u0163i critici pledeaz\u0103 pentru spirtul de frond\u0103 al \u0163\u0103ranului-pioner care combate criza na\u0163ional\u0103 printr-o stare de reveren\u0163\u0103 \u015fi parodie. Cur\u00e2nd pictura lui Grant devine c\u0103utat\u0103, colec\u0163ionat\u0103. Era timpul Marei Depresii,<br \/>\noamenii \u00ee\u015fi pierdeau joburile \u015fi economiile. Picturile sale av\u00e2nd subiect frumoase, livezi, recolte, c\u00e2mpuri lucrate, \u0163\u0103rani la munc\u0103, inspirau lini\u015fte, sinceritate, descriind faimoasa legend\u0103 american\u0103 \u015fi inspir&#226;nd speran\u0163e.\n <\/p>\n<p align=center>\n<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i158.photobucket.com\/albums\/t103\/egophobia\/37\/gw6_zpsebfc00e0.jpg?w=812\" wisth=600>\n<\/p>\n<p align=justify>\n\u00cen tabloul &#8220;Woman with Plants&#8221;, Grant \u00ee\u015fi picteaz\u0103 mama ca pe o femeie iubitoare, puternic\u0103 . Femeia este plasat\u0103 \u00eentr-o livad\u0103, \u00eembr\u0103cat\u0103 cu o rochie \u00eempodobit\u0103 cu  cus\u0103turi \u015fi poart\u0103 la g\u00e2t un pandantiv, o camee. Este prima pictura executat\u0103 \u00een Iowa  \u00een care vedem c\u0103 autorul \u00een\u0163elege localnicii, spiritul oamenilor \u015fi obiceiurile lor. Ca \u015fi American Gotic acest tablou reprezint\u0103 o cotitur\u0103 \u00een arta plastic\u0103 american\u0103. Grant a fost asociat cu mi\u015fcarea Regionalist\u0103, practicat\u0103 de arti\u015ftii din Midwest,  care propuneau o art\u0103 figurativ\u0103 \u00een care ruralismul american respinge \u00een mod agresiv abstractul European. \u00cen 1932 Grant fondeaz\u0103 o colonie pentru arti\u015fti (Stone City Art) \u00een scopul de a sprijini arti\u015ftii s\u0103 traverseze cu bine Marea Depresie care \u00eei macin\u0103. Grant moare \u00een 1942 de cancer pancreatic. Este mo\u015ftenit de sora sa Nan, care doneaz\u0103 \u00een 1990 colec\u0163ia de pictur\u0103 a artistului, obiecte personale \u015fi efecte, muzeului Figge Art din Davenport &#8211; Iowa. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[1891-1942] de Adrian Grauenfels &nbsp; Pe c\u00e2nd modernismul \u015fi abstractul produceau dureri de cap amatorilor de pictur\u0103 Grant Wood a oferit Americii un suflu familiar, plas\u00e2nd ruralul, fermierul, omul simplu \u00een centrul picturii sale, cre\u00e2nd un stil american proasp\u0103t, nou. N\u0103scut \u00een statul Iowa t\u00e2n\u0103rul Grant devine interesat de me\u015fte\u015fuguri \u015fi pictur\u0103 de la o [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[969,118],"tags":[87,970,975,1127],"class_list":["post-9490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-egophobia37","category-imagini","tag-adrian-grauenfels","tag-egophobia-37","tag-grant-wood","tag-imagini"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6DakB-2t4","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9490","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9490"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9490\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9492,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9490\/revisions\/9492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egophobia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}